История болезни аффективное биполярное расстройство: История болезни — F31.60 Биполярное аффективное расстройство, текущий эпизод смешанный (гневливая мания)

Источник: глава из книги «Bipolar Disorder Survival Guide»
Перевод: Алена Соснина

Вы обнаружили у себя тревожные симптомы и собираетесь идти к психиатру. Встреча будет более эффективной, если вы будете заранее знать, чего ожидать, и подготовитесь к ней.

Диагноз «биполярное аффективное расстройство» ставится с помощью клинического интервью. Во время первого приема врач спрашивает, наблюдались ли у вас определенные симптомы за определенный промежуток времени. Если психиатр проводит полноценное интервью, он спросит вас не только о нарушениях настроения, но и о психотических симптомах (например, галлюцинациях), злоупотреблении алкоголем и наркотиками, тревожности, расстройствах пищевого поведения и других проблемах.

Во время встречи психиатр, скорее всего, будет спрашивать не только об эпизодах мании (гипомании) и депрессии, но также о состоянии, в которых симптомы мании и депрессии присутствовали одновременно (так называемые смешанные эпизоды), а также о тяжести и продолжительности таких эпизодов.

Ваш врач понимает, насколько тяжелым должен быть такой эпизод, чтобы считать его проявлением биполярного расстройства, а не обычными колебаниями настроения. Например, когда врач спрашивает вас об «отсутствии сил и усталости», он хочет выяснить, были ли вы в состоянии ходить на работу и делать простейшие домашние дела. Когда он спрашивает о бессоннице, он хочет понять, как часто у вас бывают проблемы со сном, и мешает ли вам сонливость водить машину, концентрироваться на работе, заниматься спортом. Многие из симптомов биполярного расстройства — это искаженные, преувеличенные версии нормальных мыслительных, поведенческих и эмоциональных процессов. Ваш врач должен определить, могут ли эти проявления считаться симптомом заболевания.

Интервью довольно субъективны, и всегда существует возможность, что на финальный диагноз повлияет то, как именно врач задавал вопросы, и как именно вы на них отвечали.

Ниже приведен отрывок из встречи врача и пациента с биполярным аффективным расстройством. Обратите внимание, что врач аккуратно исследует наличие определенных симптомов, а пациент дает конкретные примеры из своего опыта.

Врач: Было ли когда-нибудь такое, что вы чувствовали себя очень счастливым или очень раздражительным в течении целой недели?

Пациент: Нет, не могу припомнить.

Врач: Или, например, вы были вечно недовольны и легко срывались на окружающих?

Пациент: Нет

Врач: А было ли у вас такое чувство, как будто у вас полно энергии?

Пацент: В марте у меня была, ну, знаете, куча идей. Я думал, что могу создать систему наблюдения за погодой, которая будет управляться из моего подвала.

Врач: Как у вас было со сном в это время?

Пациент: Вообще не спал! Я не нуждался во сне, и возмущался, когда мне говорили, что нужно поспать.

Врач: Возмущался? Расскажите мне об этом подробнее, пожалуйста.

Пациент: Ну, никто не ценил то, что я делаю. Мне казалось, что все происходит слишком медленно. Однажды я чуть не ударил одного парня за то, что он постучался в мою дверь, когда я занимался проектом. И я несколько раз кричал на моих детей, потому что они мне мешали работать.

В этом примере врач сумел найти свидетельства раздражительности и других симптомов мании в истории пациента. Если бы доктор не уделил этому столько внимания, наличие маниакальных эпизодов у пациента не стало бы очевидным.

Диагностическое интервью обычно длится 1-2 часа. Если у вас достаточно сложный набор симптомов, врач может предложить провести несколько сессий, чтобы поставить точный диагноз. Длинные интервью могут быть утомительными, особенно если это не первое ваше интервью, но в большинстве случаев и вы, и врач убедитесь, что это время не было проведено зря. То, что вы рассказываете своему врачу, помогает ему поставить более точный диагноз и назначить более эффективное лечение.

Что делать, если вы считаете, что вам поставили неправильный диагноз?

Биполярное расстройство сложно отличить от многих других расстройств. Во-первых, скачки настроения могут быть вызваны целым рядом причин, например, нарушением гормонального баланса, стрессом, проблемами со сном, мозговыми нарушениями, приемом алкоголя и наркотиков. Во-вторых, люди с биполярным аффективным расстройством часто испытывают сложности при описании своего эмоционального состояния и не могут точно рассказать историю своей болезни. В-третьих, у психиатров зачастую не хватает опыта для того, чтобы распознать менее очевидные формы расстройства (например, смешанное состояние, быстрые циклы, субдепрессии, гипомании).

Диагноз может быть неправильно поставлен, в том числе из-за самих диагностических критериев. Некоторые симптомы характерны для более чем одно расстройства. Психотические симптомы (например, бред величия), встречаются у больных другими расстройствами — например, шизофренией. Проблемы с концентрацией внимания могут быть симптомами как мании, так и синдрома дефицита внимания (СДВГ). Проблемы со сном и раздражительность могут проявляться при рекуррентной депрессии и тревожном расстройстве. И нельзя не упомянуть, что нестабильность настроения — один из главных симптомов пограничного расстройства личности (ПРЛ).
Постарайтесь проявить терпение при постановке диагноза.

Благодаря общепринятому использованию классификаций DSM-IV (в США) и МКБ-10 (в России) и постепенно внедряемому обучению психиатров работе с расстройствами настроения, диагноз ставится более быстро и точно. Но ошибки неизбежно случаются.
Вашему психиатру может понадобиться посмотреть на вас во время эпизода, а также после эпизода. Если сомневаетесь в диагнозе, имеет смысл получить мнение другого специалиста.
Будьте готовы к тому, что вам будут задавать те же самые вопросы про те же самые симптомы, которые вам задавали в первый раз. Скажите новому психиатру, почему вы думаете, что у вас нет биполярного аффективного расстройства, и, особенно, почему вы думаете, что вы не подходите под критерии расстройства.

Если же вы, наоборот, думаете, что у вас биполярное расстройство, но предыдущий врач поставил вам неправильный диагноз, объясните новому врачу, почему вы так считаете. Вы можете привести с собой близкого друга или родственника, которые смогут рассказать о вашей жизни с другой точки зрения, что может быть очень полезно для постановки диагноза.

Если вы не уверены, что вам поставили правильный диагноз, спросите:
— На чем основано мнение врача?
— Какие диагностические критерии, с точки зрения врача, подходят вам?
— Доктор рассматривал другие диагнозы, и если нет, то почему нет?

Самое важное — это работать вместе с врачом. Припомните все, что вы знаете о свой жизни, записывайте и рассказывайте о событиях или симптомах как можно более точно, даже если иногда вам стыдно или больно об этом говорить. Попробуйте встать на место врача и понять, как помочь ему поставить точный диагноз.

Источник: глава из книги Bipolar Disorder Survival Guide
Перевод: Алена Соснина

90000 NIMH »Bipolar Disorder 90001
90002 Treatment can help many people, including those with the most severe forms of bipolar disorder. An effective treatment plan usually includes a combination of medication and psychotherapy, also called «talk therapy.» 90003
90002 Bipolar disorder is a lifelong illness. Episodes of mania and depression typically come back over time. Between episodes, many people with bipolar disorder are free of mood changes, but some people may have lingering symptoms.Long-term, continuous treatment can help people manage these symptoms. 90003
90006 Medications 90007
90002 Certain medications can help manage symptoms of bipolar disorder. Some people may need to try several different medications and work with their health care provider before finding medications that work best. 90003
90002 Medications generally used to treat bipolar disorder include mood stabilizers and second-generation ( «atypical») antipsychotics.Treatment plans may also include medications that target sleep or anxiety. Health care providers often prescribe antidepressant medication to treat depressive episodes in bipolar disorder, combining the antidepressant with a mood stabilizer to prevent triggering a manic episode. 90003
90002 People taking medication should: 90003
90014
90015 Talk with their health care provider to understand the risks and benefits of the medication. 90016
90015 Tell their health care provider about any prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, or supplements they are already taking.90016
90015 Report any concerns about side effects to a health care provider right away. The health care provider may need to change the dose or try a different medication. 90016
90015 Remember that medication for bipolar disorder must be taken consistently, as prescribed, even when one is feeling well. 90016
90023
90002 Avoid stopping a medication without talking to a health care provider first. Suddenly stopping a medication may lead to a «rebound» or worsening of bipolar disorder symptoms.For basic information about medications, visit NIMH’s Mental Health Medications webpage. For the most up-to-date information on medications, side effects, and warnings, visit the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Medication Guides website. 90003
90006 Psychotherapy 90007
90002 Psychotherapy, also called «talk therapy,» can be an effective part of the treatment plan for people with bipolar disorder. Psychotherapy is a term for a variety of treatment techniques that aim to help a person identify and change troubling emotions, thoughts, and behaviors.It can provide support, education, and guidance to people with bipolar disorder and their families. Treatment may include therapies such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and psychoeducation, which are used to treat a variety of conditions. 90003
90002 Treatment may also include newer therapies designed specifically for the treatment of bipolar disorder, including interpersonal and social rhythm therapy (IPSRT) and family-focused therapy. Determining whether intensive psychotherapeutic intervention at the earliest stages of bipolar disorder can prevent or limit its full-blown onset is an important area of ​​ongoing research.90003
90002 Visit NIMH’s Psychotherapies webpage to learn about the various types of psychotherapies. 90003
90006 Other Treatment Options 90007
90002 Some people may find other treatments helpful in managing their bipolar symptoms, including: 90003
90002 90039 Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) 90040 90039: 90040 ECT is a brain stimulation procedure that can help people get relief from severe symptoms of bipolar disorder. With modern ECT, a person usually goes through a series of treatment sessions over several weeks.ECT is delivered under general anesthesia and is safe. It can be effective in treating severe depressive and manic episodes, which occur most often when medication and psychotherapy are not effective or are not safe for a particular patient. ECT can also be effective when a rapid response is needed, as in the case of suicide risk or catatonia (a state of unresponsiveness). 90003
90002 More research is needed to determine the effects of other treatments, including: 90003
90002 90039 Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) 90040: TMS is a newer approach to brain stimulation that uses magnetic waves.It is delivered to an awake patient most days for 1 month. Research shows that TMS is helpful for many people with various subtypes of depression, but its role in the treatment of bipolar disorder is still under study. 90003
90002 90039 Supplements: 90040 Although there are reports that some supplements and herbs may help, not enough research has been conducted to fully understand how these supplements may affect people with bipolar disorder. 90003
90002 It is important for a health care provider to know about all prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, and supplements a patient is taking.Certain medications and supplements taken together may cause unwanted or dangerous effects. 90003
90006 Beyond Treatment: Things You Can Do 90007
90002 90039 Regular Exercise: 90040 Regular aerobic exercise, such as jogging, brisk walking, swimming, or bicycling, helps with depression and anxiety, promotes better sleep, and is healthy for your heart and brain. There is also some evidence that anaerobic exercise such as weightlifting, yoga, and Pilates can be helpful.Check with your health care provider before you start a new exercise regimen. 90003
90002 90039 Keeping a Life Chart: 90040 Even with proper treatment, mood changes can occur. Treatment is more effective when a patient and health care provider work together and talk openly about concerns and choices. Keeping a life chart that records daily mood symptoms, treatments, sleep patterns, and life events can help patients and health care providers track and treat bipolar disorder over time.Patients can easily share data collected via smartphone apps — including self-reports, self- ratings, and activity data — with their health care providers and therapists. 90003
90006 Finding Treatment 90007

90006 For Immediate Help 90007
90002 90039 If you are in crisis: 90040 Call the toll-free National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 90039 1-800-273-TALK (8255) 90040, available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. The service is available to everyone.All calls are confidential. Contact social media outlets directly if you are concerned about a friend’s social media updates or dial 911 in an emergency. 90003
90002 90039 If you are thinking about harming yourself or thinking about suicide: 90040 90003
90014
90015 Tell someone who can help right away. 90016
90015 Call your licensed mental health professional if you are already working with one. 90016
90015 Call your doctor or health care provider.90016
90015 Go to the nearest hospital emergency department or call 911. 90016
90023
90006 If a loved one is considering suicide: 90007
90014
90015 Do not leave him or her alone. 90016
90015 Try to get your loved one to seek immediate help from a doctor, health care provider, or the nearest hospital emergency room or call 911. 90016
90015 Remove access to firearms or other potential tools for suicide, including medications.90016
90023
90006 Coping with Bipolar Disorder 90007
90002 Living with bipolar disorder can be challenging, but there are ways to help make it easier for yourself, a friend, or a loved one. 90003
90014
90015 Get treatment and stick with it-recovery takes time and it’s not easy. But treatment is the best way to start feeling better. 90016
90015 Keep medical and therapy appointments and talk with the provider about treatment options.90016
90015 Take all medicines as directed. 90016
90015 Structure activities: keep a routine for eating and sleeping, and make sure to get enough sleep and exercise. 90016
90015 Learn to recognize your mood swings and warning signs, such as decreased sleep. 90016
90015 Ask for help when trying to stick with your treatment. 90016
90015 Be patient; improvement takes time. Social support helps. 90016
90015 Avoid misuse of alcohol and drugs.90016
90023
90002 90039 Remember 90040: Bipolar disorder is a lifelong illness, but long-term, ongoing treatment can help control symptoms and enable you to live a healthy life. 90003
.90000 History of Bipolar Disorder 90001 90002 Bipolar disorder is one of the most highly investigated neurological disorders. The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) estimates that it affects nearly 4.5 percent of adults in the United States. Of these, nearly 83 percent have «severe» cases of the disorder. 90003 90002 Unfortunately, due to social stigma, funding issues, and a lack of education, less than 40 percent of people with bipolar disorder receive what the NIMH calls «minimally adequate treatment.»These statistics might surprise you, given the centuries of research that have been conducted on this and similar mental health conditions. 90003 90002 Humans have been trying to decipher the causes of bipolar disorder and determine the best treatments for it since ancient times. Read on to learn about the history of bipolar disorder, which is perhaps as complex as the condition itself. 90003 90002 Aretaeus of Cappadocia began the process of detailing symptoms in the medical field as early as the 1st century in Greece.His notes on the link between mania and depression went largely unnoticed for many centuries. 90003 90002 The ancient Greeks and Romans were responsible for the terms «mania» and «melancholia,» which are now the modern day «manic» and «depressive.» They even discovered that using lithium salts in baths calmed manic people and lifted the spirits of depressed people. Today, lithium is a common treatment for people with bipolar disorder. 90003 90002 The Greek philosopher Aristotle not only acknowledged melancholy as a condition, but cited it as the inspiration for the great artists of his time.90003 90002 It was common during this time for people across the globe to be executed for having bipolar disorder and other mental conditions. As the study of medicine advanced, strict religious dogma stated that these people were possessed by demons and should therefore be put to death. 90003 90002 In the 17th century, Robert Burton wrote the book «90017 The Anatomy of Melancholy 90018,» which addressed the issue of treating melancholy (nonspecific depression) using music and dance. 90003 90002 While mixed with medical knowledge, the book primarily serves as a literary collection of commentary on depression and a vantage point of the full effects of depression on society.90003 90002 It did, however, expand deeply into the symptoms and treatments of what’s now known as clinical depression: major depressive disorder. 90003 90002 Later that century, Theophilus Bonet published a great work titled «90017 Sepuchretum 90018,» a text that drew from his experience performing 3,000 autopsies. In it, he linked mania and melancholy in a condition called «manico-melancholicus.» 90003 90002 This was a substantial step in diagnosing the disorder because mania and depression were most often considered separate disorders.90003 90002 Years passed and little new information was discovered about bipolar disorder until the 19th century. 90003 90032 The 19th century: Falret’s findings 90033 90002 French psychiatrist Jean-Pierre Falret published an article in 1851 describing what he called «la folie circulaire,» which translates to circular insanity. The article details people switching through severe depression and manic excitement, and is considered to be the first documented diagnosis of bipolar disorder. 90003 90002 In addition to making the first diagnosis, Falret also noted the genetic connection in bipolar disorder, something medical professionals still support to this day.90003 90032 The 20th century: Kraepelin’s and Leonhard’s classifications 90033 90002 The history of bipolar disorder changed with Emil Kraepelin, a German psychiatrist who broke away from Sigmund Freud’s theory that society and the suppression of desires played a large role in mental illness. 90003 90002 Kraepelin recognized biological causes of mental illnesses. He’s believed to be the first person to seriously study mental illness. 90003 90002 Kraepelin’s «90017 Manic Depressive Insanity and Paranoia» 90018 in один тисячу дев’ятсот двадцять одна detailed the difference between manic-depressive and praecox, which is now known as schizophrenia.His classification of mental disorders remains the basis used by professional associations today. 90003 90002 A professional classification system for mental disorders has its earliest roots in the 1950s from German psychiatrist Karl Leonhard and others. This system was important to better understand and treat these conditions. 90003 90032 Late 20th century: The APA and the DSM 90033 90002 The term «bipolar» means «two poles,» signifying the polar opposites of mania and depression. The term first appeared in the American Psychiatric Association’s (APA) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) in its third revision in 1980.90003 90002 It was that revision that did away with the term mania to avoid calling patients «maniacs.» Now in its fifth version (DSM-5), the DSM is considered the leading manual for mental health professionals. It contains diagnostic and treatment guidelines that help doctors manage the care of many people with bipolar disorder today. 90003 90002 The concept of spectrum was developed to target specific difficulties with more precise medications. Stahl lists the four major mood disorders as follows: 90003 90058 90059 manic episode 90060 90059 major depressive episode 90060 90059 hypomanic episode 90060 90059 mixed episode 90060 90067 90002 Our understanding of bipolar disorder has certainly evolved since ancient times.Great advances in education and treatment have been made in just the past century alone. 90003 90002 Today, medication and therapy help many people with bipolar disorder manage their symptoms and cope with their condition. Still, there’s a lot of work to be done because many others are not getting the treatment they need to lead better quality lives. 90003 90002 Fortunately, research is ongoing to help us understand even more about this confusing chronic condition. The more we learn about bipolar disorder, the more people may be able to receive the care they need.90003.90000 Bipolar disorder — Symptoms and causes 90001

90002 Overview 90003 90004 Bipolar disorder, formerly called manic depression, is a mental health condition that causes extreme mood swings that include emotional highs (mania or hypomania) and lows (depression). 90005
90004 When you become depressed, you may feel sad or hopeless and lose interest or pleasure in most activities. When your mood shifts to mania or hypomania (less extreme than mania), you may feel euphoric, full of energy or unusually irritable.These mood swings can affect sleep, energy, activity, judgment, behavior and the ability to think clearly. 90005
90004 Episodes of mood swings may occur rarely or multiple times a year. While most people will experience some emotional symptoms between episodes, some may not experience any. 90005
90004 Although bipolar disorder is a lifelong condition, you can manage your mood swings and other symptoms by following a treatment plan. In most cases, bipolar disorder is treated with medications and psychological counseling (psychotherapy).90005

90004 Bipolar disorder care at Mayo Clinic 90005 90014 Products & Services 90015 Show more products from Mayo Clinic

90002 Symptoms 90003 90004 There are several types of bipolar and related disorders. They may include mania or hypomania and depression. Symptoms can cause unpredictable changes in mood and behavior, resulting in significant distress and difficulty in life. 90005
90020
90021 90022 Bipolar I disorder.90023 You’ve had at least one manic episode that may be preceded or followed by hypomanic or major depressive episodes. In some cases, mania may trigger a break from reality (psychosis). 90024
90021 90022 Bipolar II disorder. 90023 You’ve had at least one major depressive episode and at least one hypomanic episode, but you’ve never had a manic episode. 90024
90021 90022 Cyclothymic disorder. 90023 You’ve had at least two years — or one year in children and teenagers — of many periods of hypomania symptoms and periods of depressive symptoms (though less severe than major depression).90024
90021 90022 Other types. 90023 These include, for example, bipolar and related disorders induced by certain drugs or alcohol or due to a medical condition, such as Cushing’s disease, multiple sclerosis or stroke. 90024
90037
90004 Bipolar II disorder is not a milder form of bipolar I disorder, but a separate diagnosis. While the manic episodes of bipolar I disorder can be severe and dangerous, individuals with bipolar II disorder can be depressed for longer periods, which can cause significant impairment.90005
90004 Although bipolar disorder can occur at any age, typically it’s diagnosed in the teenage years or early 20s. Symptoms can vary from person to person, and symptoms may vary over time. 90005

90014 Mania and hypomania 90015 90004 Mania and hypomania are two distinct types of episodes, but they have the same symptoms. Mania is more severe than hypomania and causes more noticeable problems at work, school and social activities, as well as relationship difficulties.Mania may also trigger a break from reality (psychosis) and require hospitalization. 90005
90004 Both a manic and a hypomanic episode include three or more of these symptoms: 90005
90020
90021 Abnormally upbeat, jumpy or wired 90024
90021 Increased activity, energy or agitation 90024
90021 Exaggerated sense of well-being and self-confidence (euphoria) 90024
90021 Decreased need for sleep 90024
90021 Unusual talkativeness 90024
90021 Racing thoughts 90024
90021 Distractibility 90024
90021 Poor decision-making — for example, going on buying sprees, taking sexual risks or making foolish investments 90024
90037

90014 Major depressive episode 90015 90004 A major depressive episode includes symptoms that are severe enough to cause noticeable difficulty in day-to-day activities, such as work, school, social activities or relationships.An episode includes five or more of these symptoms: 90005
90020
90021 Depressed mood, such as feeling sad, empty, hopeless or tearful (in children and teens, depressed mood can appear as irritability) 90024
90021 Marked loss of interest or feeling no pleasure in all — or almost all — activities 90024
90021 Significant weight loss when not dieting, weight gain, or decrease or increase in appetite (in children, failure to gain weight as expected can be a sign of depression) 90024
90021 Either insomnia or sleeping too much 90024
90021 Either restlessness or slowed behavior 90024
90021 Fatigue or loss of energy 90024
90021 Feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt 90024
90021 Decreased ability to think or concentrate, or indecisiveness 90024
90021 Thinking about, planning or attempting suicide 90024
90037

90014 Other features of bipolar disorder 90015 90004 Signs and symptoms of bipolar I and bipolar II disorders may include other features, such as anxious distress, melancholy, psychosis or others.The timing of symptoms may include diagnostic labels such as mixed or rapid cycling. In addition, bipolar symptoms may occur during pregnancy or change with the seasons. 90005

90014 Symptoms in children and teens 90015 90004 Symptoms of bipolar disorder can be difficult to identify in children and teens. It’s often hard to tell whether these are normal ups and downs, the results of stress or trauma, or signs of a mental health problem other than bipolar disorder.90005
90004 Children and teens may have distinct major depressive or manic or hypomanic episodes, but the pattern can vary from that of adults with bipolar disorder. And moods can rapidly shift during episodes. Some children may have periods without mood symptoms between episodes. 90005
90004 The most prominent signs of bipolar disorder in children and teenagers may include severe mood swings that are different from their usual mood swings. 90005

90014 When to see a doctor 90015 90004 Despite the mood extremes, people with bipolar disorder often do not recognize how much their emotional instability disrupts their lives and the lives of their loved ones and do not get the treatment they need.90005
90004 And if you’re like some people with bipolar disorder, you may enjoy the feelings of euphoria and cycles of being more productive. However, this euphoria is always followed by an emotional crash that can leave you depressed, worn out — and perhaps in financial, legal or relationship trouble. 90005
90004 If you have any symptoms of depression or mania, see your doctor or mental health professional. Bipolar disorder does not get better on its own. Getting treatment from a mental health professional with experience in bipolar disorder can help you get your symptoms under control.90005

90014 When to get emergency help 90015 90004 Suicidal thoughts and behavior are common among people with bipolar disorder. If you have thoughts of hurting yourself, call 911 or your local emergency number immediately, go to an emergency room, or confide in a trusted relative or friend. Or call a suicide hotline number — in the United States, call the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 1-800-273-TALK (1-800-273-8255). 90005
90004 If you have a loved one who is in danger of suicide or has made a suicide attempt, make sure someone stays with that person.Call 911 or your local emergency number immediately. Or, if you think you can do so safely, take the person to the nearest hospital emergency room. 90005

90002 Causes 90003 90004 The exact cause of bipolar disorder is unknown, but several factors may be involved, such as: 90005
90020
90021 90022 Biological differences. 90023 People with bipolar disorder appear to have physical changes in their brains. The significance of these changes is still uncertain but may eventually help pinpoint causes.90024
90021 90022 Genetics. 90023 Bipolar disorder is more common in people who have a first-degree relative, such as a sibling or parent, with the condition. Researchers are trying to find genes that may be involved in causing bipolar disorder. 90024
90037

90002 Risk factors 90003 90004 Factors that may increase the risk of developing bipolar disorder or act as a trigger for the first episode include: 90005
90020
90021 Having a first-degree relative, such as a parent or sibling, with bipolar disorder 90024
90021 Periods of high stress, such as the death of a loved one or other traumatic event 90024
90021 Drug or alcohol abuse 90024
90037

90002 Complications 90003 90004 Left untreated, bipolar disorder can result in serious problems that affect every area of ​​your life, such as: 90005
90020
90021 Problems related to drug and alcohol use 90024
90021 Suicide or suicide attempts 90024
90021 Legal or financial problems 90024
90021 Damaged relationships 90024
90021 Poor work or school performance 90024
90037

90014 Co-occurring conditions 90015 90004 If you have bipolar disorder, you may also have another health condition that needs to be treated along with bipolar disorder.Some conditions can worsen bipolar disorder symptoms or make treatment less successful. Examples include: 90005
90020
90021 Anxiety disorders 90024
90021 Eating disorders 90024
90021 Attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) 90024
90021 Alcohol or drug problems 90024
90021 Physical health problems, such as heart disease, thyroid problems, headaches or obesity 90024
90037

90002 Prevention 90003 90004 There’s no sure way to prevent bipolar disorder.However, getting treatment at the earliest sign of a mental health disorder can help prevent bipolar disorder or other mental health conditions from worsening. 90005
90004 If you’ve been diagnosed with bipolar disorder, some strategies can help prevent minor symptoms from becoming full-blown episodes of mania or depression: 90005
90020
90021 90022 Pay attention to warning signs. 90023 Addressing symptoms early on can prevent episodes from getting worse. You may have identified a pattern to your bipolar episodes and what triggers them.Call your doctor if you feel you’re falling into an episode of depression or mania. Involve family members or friends in watching for warning signs. 90024
90021 90022 Avoid drugs and alcohol. 90023 Using alcohol or recreational drugs can worsen your symptoms and make them more likely to come back. 90024
90021 90022 Take your medications exactly as directed. 90023 You may be tempted to stop treatment — but do not. Stopping your medication or reducing your dose on your own may cause withdrawal effects or your symptoms may worsen or return.90024
90037

90194

90004
Jan. 31, 2018
90005.90000 Signs of bipolar affective disorder 90001 90002 What is bipolar disorder? 90003
90004 Bipolar disorder, also known as bipolar affective disorder and, less commonly, as manic depression, is a mental health condition that causes dramatic changes in mood that, in turn, affect people’s ability to carry out day-to-day tasks. 90005
90004 It is characterized by serious mood swings between depression and mania that last several weeks or months. These mood swings are more extreme than those experienced by most people.90005
90004 According to the World Health Organization (WHO), bipolar disorder currently affects 60 million people around the world. 90005
90004 Bipolar disorder affects men and women equally. It is most common for bipolar disorder symptoms to begin during someone’s late teenage or early adult years, but children and older adults can also develop bipolar disorder. 90005
90004 There is no known cure for bipolar disorder. People with the condition are likely to experience recurrences throughout their life which, if left untreated, can be highly disruptive and potentially lead to hospitalization and even suicide.However, there are effective treatments that can reduce the frequency and severity of mood swings. 90005
90004 Problems with substance abuse are common among people with bipolar disorder. Among those with the condition, approximately 42 percent also misuse alcohol, 20 percent also misuse cannabis and 17 percent also misuse other illegal drugs. 90005
90004 People with bipolar disorder may self-medicate with alcohol or illegal drugs * to ease distress caused by their symptoms. However, misusing alcohol and drugs can have serious social and health consequences.90005
90002 Symptoms 90003
90004 90021 People with bipolar disorder experience mood swings between mania and depression that last several months. 90022 For more information on the following points, also see our signs of bipolar disorder resource. 90005
90004 If you think that you or someone you know might have a health condition, try using the Ada app to find out more about your symptoms. 90005
90026 Mania 90027
90004 Manic episodes can 90021 feel like an intense state of wellbeing, with unusual reserves of energy.90022 However, the manic phase of bipolar disorder can cause people to lose touch with day-to-day reality and with how other people feel. After a manic episode, people can feel embarrassed or ashamed about their behavior and unable to manage plans that were made while experiencing mania. 90005
90026 Hypomania 90027
90004 The symptoms of hypomania are 90021 similar to mania, but less extreme 90022. Episodes of hypomania last for a few days rather than weeks or months, as is common with mania.It is unusual to have any psychotic symptoms with hypomania. 90005
90026 Depression 90027
90004 During an episode of depression, a person may 90021 feel very low, worthless or tearful. 90022 This can potentially lead to thoughts of suicide or even attempted suicide. 90005
90004 Periods of extreme low mood or depression can 90021 last for at least two weeks, 90022 with symptoms interfering with day-to-day life. 90005
90004 The contrast between the ‘high’ of mania or hypomania may make an episode of depression even harder to cope with.90005
90004 Read about Signs of Depression »90005
90026 Mixed features 90027
90004 Mixed features, also known as mixed episodes or mixed states, are when people 90021 feel symptoms of depression and mania or hypomania at the same time 90022. 90005
90026 Psychotic symptoms 90027
90004 In very severe cases, symptoms of psychosis may develop. In a psychotic episode, a person 90021 loses touch with reality. 90022 They may see, hear or believe things that the people around them do not.90005
90002 Types of bipolar disorder 90003
90004 There are various types of bipolar disorder, sometimes known as bipolar spectrum disorders (BSDs). These include: 90005
90026 Bipolar I disorder 90027
90004 Bipolar I disorder, pronounced as bipolar 1 disorder and sometimes abbreviated as BPI, is defined by: 90005
90072
90073 Manic episodes that last at least seven days 90074
90073 It is common to experience periods of depression, as well, though not in every case 90074
90073 Without treatment, a manic episode may last up to six months 90074
90073 Manic episodes may be severe enough to require hospitalization 90074
90081
90026 Bipolar II disorder 90027
90004 Bipolar II disorder, pronounced as bipolar 2 disorder and sometimes abbreviated as BPII is defined by: 90005
90072
90073 More than one episode of severe depression 90074
90073 Episodes of hypomania, that are less severe than those mania episodes seen in Bipolar I disorder 90074
90081
90026 Cyclothymic disorder 90027
90004 Cyclothymic disorder, also referred to as cyclothymia, is similar to bipolar disorder.It is characterized by emotional highs and lows that are not as severe as bipolar disorder, but can still affect day-to-day life. 90005
90004 Cyclothymic disorder often goes undiagnosed, but in less than half of cases it can develop into bipolar disorder. 90005
90004 Read more about Cyclothymic Disorder ». 90005
90004 90021 Good to know: Multiple episodes of mania, hypomania or depression experienced within a year is termed rapid cycling. 90022 According to John Hopkins Medicine, the average person with bipolar disorder will experience nine episodes over a lifetime.Someone with rapid cycling bipolar disorder may experience four or more episodes a year. 90005
90004 Around 10 to 20 percent of people with bipolar disorder experience rapid cycling. It is more common in people with bipolar II disorder and also more commonly experienced by women. 90005
90002 What causes bipolar disorder? 90003
90004 The causes of bipolar disorder are not yet fully understood. Lifetime prevalence (LTP) of bipolar disorder is around 3 to 5 percent. LTP describes the proportion of people who have experienced a condition in their lifetime.90005
90004 There appears to be a 90021 genetic link, 90022 as the chance of developing bipolar disorder is greater if a family member is also affected. If one parent has bipolar disorder, there is a 25 percent chance a child will develop it. If both parents have bipolar disorder there is a chance of up to 50 percent that a child will develop bipolar disorder. 90005
90004 Bipolar disorder may be caused by a 90021 problem with the way the brain controls mood. 90022 This is why medication is often used to control symptoms.90005
90004 High-stress situations and life-changing events may trigger an episode of depression or mania. 90005
90002 How is bipolar disorder diagnosed? 90003
90004 There is no medical or blood bipolar disorder test. A doctor or other mental health practitioner will make a 90021 diagnosis based on conversations 90022 with the person affected. 90005
90004 90021 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5) bipolar disorder criteria 90022 for diagnosing bipolar disorder require at least one episode of mania, or one episode of hypomania and one episode of depression.90005
90004 90021 International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, tenth revision (ICD-10) bipolar disorder criteria 90022 for diagnosing bipolar disorder requires two or more episodes of prolonged and significantly disturbed mood, consisting of mania, or hypomania and depression. The ICD-10 also classifies episodes of only mania or hypomania as bipolar. 90005
90004 It is possible for a person with bipolar disorder to experience an initial episode of depression, and they will therefore not be diagnosed with bipolar disorder.In such cases, 90021 treatment with antidepressants may trigger a first episode of mania. 90022 90005
90004 If you think that you or someone you know might have a health condition, try using the Ada app to find out more about your symptoms. 90005
90002 Treatment & Management 90003
90004 There is no known cure for bipolar disorder. Treatment aims to stabilize mood and prevent episodes of mania and depression from becoming extreme and to allow the individual to live without disruption.90005
90026 Bipolar disorder medications 90027
90004 Medications are a common way of treating bipolar disorder. Some people with the condition need a combination of medications to control mood swings in the most effective way for them. 90005
90148 Lithium 90149
90004 Lithium has been used to stabilize moods for over 50 years, though how it works is not fully known. It is mainly 90021 used for preventing and stabilizing mania by evening out mood swings, 90022 although it can also be prescribed to treat depression.90005
90004 90021 Getting the right dose for each person is very important. 90022 If the dose is too low, the drug will not be effective. If the dose is too high, lithium becomes toxic. People taking lithium need regular blood tests to check the dosage and to ensure the kidneys and thyroid are working properly. 90005
90004 Side effects of normal dosage can include: 90005
90072
90073 Feeling thirsty 90074
90073 Urinating more often than usual 90074
90073 Nausea 90074
90073 Feeling tired 90074
90073 Gaining weight 90074
90073 Slightly shaky hands 90074
90073 Hypothyroidism and goiter — enlarged thyroid gland — can develop with long-term use 90074
90081
90004 If there is too much lithium in the body, side effects can include: 90005
90072
90073 Feeling very thirsty 90074
90073 Diarrhea or vomiting 90074
90073 Noticeable shaking of limbs 90074
90073 Muscle twitches 90074
90073 Being confused 90074
90081
90004 The amount of lithium in the body is affected by how much liquid and salt the person takes in.90021 Drinking plenty of non-alcoholic fluids and avoiding a low salt diet is recommended. 90022 90005
90004 90021 Lithium use is declining 90022 in the United States because of concerns over its side effects and the availability of medications like valproate. However, it is still considered an effective treatment. 90005
90004 Taking lithium reduces the chances of having a manic episode within the next year by 30 to 40 percent. 90005
90148 Anticonvulsant medication 90149
90004 90021 Valproate 90022 is an anticonvulsant medication which was originally developed to treat epilepsy.It is increasingly used to treat bipolar disorder as a 90021 mood stabilizer, 90022 particularly in the United States. It is not yet clear how the drug works. 90005
90004 Valproate is used to treat mania, rapid cycling and mixed episodes. It is sometimes prescribed along with lithium, as there is a suggestion that the two work more effectively together. 90005
90004 Valproate can cause damage to a developing fetus, and 90021 should not be taken by women of childbearing age. 90022 90005
90004 Other side effects may include: 90005
90072
90073 Nausea 90074
90073 Feeling shaky 90074
90073 Diarrhea 90074
90073 Increased appetite and associated weight gain 90074
90073 Changes to levels of ammonia and platelets in the blood 90074
90081
90004 Carbamazepine and lamotrigine are anticonvulsants that are also used as mood stabilizers.Carbamazepine is thought to be more effective at treating rapid cycling than lithium and causes fewer side effects. Lamotrigine is generally prescribed for treating bipolar II disorder. 90005
90148 Antipsychotic medication 90149
90004 Antipsychotic medications, such as olanzapine and quetiapine, are used to 90021 treat mania 90022. They can also be used in conjunction with mood stabilizers to prevent mania occurring. 90005
90004 Antipsychotic medications help by 90021 treating bipolar disorder with psychotic features, 90022 such as hearing voices, delusions and racing thoughts.They can also help to prevent extreme mood swings and, in some cases, can be used to treat severe depression. 90005
90004 These medications work by blocking dopamine in the brain. Side effects may include: 90005
90072
90073 Feeling sleepy and sluggish 90074
90073 Weight gain 90074
90073 Lack of interest in sexual activity 90074
90073 Increased chance of developing diabetes 90074
90073 High doses can cause limbs to be stiff and shaky 90074
90081
90148 Antidepressants 90149
90004 Antidepressant medications are used to 90021 treat moderate to severe episodes of depression.90022 90005
90004 For some people, there is a risk that treatment with antidepressants alone 90021 can trigger an episode of mania or make rapid cycling more likely. 90022 For this reason, it’s recommended that antidepressants, such as fluoxetine, should be prescribed alongside a mood stabilizer. 90005
90004 SSRI antidepressants can take two to six weeks to start affecting mood. They are thought to work by increasing levels of serotonin in the brain. 90005
90004 There are many potential side effects when using SSRIs, though most wear off after a few weeks.These side effects include: 90005
90072
90073 Anxiety 90074
90073 Nausea 90074
90073 Upset stomach 90074
90073 Dizziness 90074
90073 Not sleeping enough or sleeping too much 90074
90073 Low sex drive 90074
90081
90004 It is 90021 important not to stop taking SSRIs too soon so as to prevent a recurrence of depression. 90022 A course of six to nine months is usually recommended, though in more severe cases, it may be advisable to continue taking SSRIs for longer. A doctor should be consulted before stopping treatment with SSRIs.90005
90026 Psychological treatments for bipolar disorder 90027
90004 90021 In between episodes 90022 of mania or hypomania and depression, cognitive behavioral or psychotherapy treatments can help. Psychotherapy usually takes place in sessions of one hour over periods of several months. 90005
90148 Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) 90149
90004 Cognitive behavioral therapy is a form of talking therapy that focuses on how thoughts and beliefs affect feelings and behavior. CBT 90021 teaches participants coping skills 90022 to recognize and deal with problems.90005
90004 For people with bipolar disorder, CBT can help improve awareness of behavior, compliance with treatment plans and day-to-day coping skills. When used alongside medication, a study of 19 randomized control trials found that CBT is effective in reducing the relapse rate and the severity of symptoms. 90005
90148 Self monitoring 90149
90004 90021 Learning to recognize signs of moods swinging out of control 90022 is an important step in managing bipolar disorder. Recognizing early signs can lead to intervention and prevent full episodes of mania and depression, and avoid potential hospitalization.90005
90004 90021 Keeping a mood diary 90022 is helpful to track long-term mood changes, as well as possible triggers. 90005
90148 Other forms of psychotherapy for bipolar disorder 90149
90004 90021 Psychoeducation 90022 can help by providing more information about bipolar disorder to the person with the condition, as well as their family and friends. 90005
90004 Led by a therapist, 90021 group psychoeducation 90022 brings together people with similar experiences to share knowledge about how bipolar disorder can affect behavior and how to manage symptoms.90005
90004 90021 Family therapy 90022 can help by working together as a family to strengthen relationships, identify risks and develop support skills. 90005
90026 Other treatments for bipolar disorder 90027
90004 There are other potential treatments for bipolar disorder if medication and psychotherapeutic interventions are not successful, or if the condition is extreme. 90005
90148 Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) 90149
90004 Electroconvulsive therapy is a treatment that 90021 sends electrical current through the brain to trigger an epileptic seizure.90022 The electricity is administered under general anesthetic and with the use of muscle relaxants, so the body does not convulse. 90005
90004 ECT is only advised 90021 for rapid, short-term relief of severe depression, mania or psychosis, 90022 where other interventions have failed and / or when the condition is considered life-threatening. 90005
90004 ECT 90021 causes memory loss, 90022 which is usually short-term but can be very disorienting. 90005
90148 New treatments 90149
90004 There is ongoing research into new mood-stabilizing drugs.Other, non-medication therapies, are also being investigated, including vagal nerve stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation and light therapy. 90005
90026 Self care in the management of bipolar disorder 90027
90004 As well as monitoring day-to-day behavior for signs of mood changes, the knowledge gained from such monitoring can be used to 90021 avoid triggering 90022 an episode of mania or depression. 90005
90004 It can help to 90021 have someone to confide in. 90022 Close relationships with people who understand the condition and the individual’s experience and trigger points, can be useful as a support network.90005
90004 Too much activity can trigger a manic episode, so it’s helpful to 90021 maintain a balance between work and activity, and relaxation and fun. 90022 90005
90148 Stress and bipolar disorder 90149
90004 Stress is a common trigger, and 90021 avoiding highly stressful situations 90022 is recommended. However, it’s not possible to avoid all stress, so a useful tool may be to learn relaxation techniques or take advice on handling stress from a qualified therapist. 90005
90148 Healthy lifestyle 90149
90004 There is no specific diet recommended for bipolar disorder.However, 90021 maintaining a healthy diet 90022 will help with overall wellness. This includes: 90005
90072
90073 90021 Eating a balance of foods 90022 rich in nutrients, such as fruits, vegetables, pulses, whole grains, fish, eggs, low-fat meat, nuts and seeds 90074
90073 90021 Avoiding food that is high in saturated and trans fats, 90022 such as red meat, as well as simple carbohydrates such as refined sugar 90074
90081
90004 90021 Lithium can affect salt levels 90022 in the body, so care should be taken not to eat too much or too little.90005
90004 90021 Caffeine may contribute to a manic or hypomanic episode 90022 by disrupting normal sleep patterns. 90005
90004 Exercising for 20 minutes, three times a week, helps to maintain fitness. 90021 Exercise also releases endorphins 90022 into the brain, which improve mood. 90005
90002 Bipolar disorder in women 90003
90004 The presentation and course of bipolar disorder differs in men and women. 90005
90004 The following features of bipolar disorder tend to be more common in women than in men: 90005
90072
90073 Later age of onset 90074
90073 Bipolar II disorder 90074
90073 Seasonal pattern of mood disturbance 90074
90073 Depressive symptoms 90074
90073 Rapid cycling 90074
90073 Mixed states / features 90074
90073 Additional medical and psychiatric disorder conditions, particularly thyroid disease, eating disorders, migraine and anxiety disorders 90074
90073 Delayed diagnosis and treatment 90074
90081
90004 Women with bipolar disorder tend to have more depressive symptoms and different accompanying conditions than men.There is a high risk of symptoms recurring after giving birth and during menopause. Bipolar disorder in women also correlates with increased risk of sexually transmitted diseases, weight gain, unplanned pregnancies and cardiovascular disease. 90005
90004 Gender is not thought to affect response to mood stabilizing medication, though treatment can pose a risk to the developing fetus in pregnant women. Pregnancy does not protect from nor exacerbate bipolar disorder, so many women require continuation of medication during this time.The time after giving birth, the so-called postpartum period, however, does increase the risk of onset and recurrence of bipolar disorder. 90005
90026 Pregnancy and bipolar disorder 90027
90004 90021 Women with bipolar disorder who are pregnant, or plan to become pregnant, should talk to their doctor 90022 to assess whether their medications are suitable and to discuss how to manage mood during and after pregnancy. 90005
90004 90021 Women of childbearing age should not take valproate. 90022 If taken while pregnant, there is a high risk of harm to the developing fetus.90005
90004 90021 Lithium is safer than other mood stabilizers to take during pregnancy. 90022 There is a low risk to the fetus of developing a heart valve defect during the first three months, but lithium is safe after 26 weeks. Babies should not be breastfed if the mother is taking lithium. 90005
90004 90021 Postpartum illnesses are more common 90022 for women with bipolar disorder than for the general population. Postpartum depression and postpartum psychosis are both serious conditions which could affect a woman’s ability to take care of herself and / or her baby.90005
90148 Postpartum depression 90149
90004 Around 25 percent of women with bipolar disorder who give birth will experience postpartum depression. 90005
90004 Postnatal depression can start at any point in the first year after birth. As well as the usual symptoms of depression, postnatal depression symptoms can include difficulty bonding with the baby and disturbing thoughts about causing the baby harm. 90005
90004 Read more about Signs of Postpartum Depression ». 90005
90148 Postpartum psychosis 90149
90004 Around 25 percent of women with bipolar disorder who give birth will experience postpartum psychosis.Women who have previously had a severe postpartum illness, and women who have a mother or sister who experienced a severe postpartum illness, are at even higher risk. 90005
90004 Symptoms generally begin in the first few days after birth, though they can develop up to six months later. Symptoms are similar to psychosis, including hallucinations and delusions. 90005
90002 Bipolar disorder in men 90003
90004 The presentation and course of bipolar disorder differs between men and women. 90005
90004 The following features of bipolar disorder tend to be more common in men than in women: 90005
90072
90073 Manic symptoms 90074
90073 Excessive use of alcohol, but also other illicit substances 90074
90073 Worse adherence to medication regimen 90074
90081
90002 Bipolar disorder in children and teenagers 90003
90004 Usually, symptoms of bipolar disorder 90021 first appear in teens around the ages of 15 to 19, 90022 though signs can be seen in younger children.90005
90004 The symptoms for mania, hypomania and depression in bipolar disorder are similar to those in adults, although children and teens may behave more erratically. Moods may change more rapidly than in adults, and children may express mania and hypomania as temper tantrums and physical aggression. 90005
90004 See our resource on signs of bipolar disorder for more information about bipolar disorder in children, teenagers and young adults. 90005
90004 The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry urges caution in looking for signs of bipolar disorder in toddlers and children under six years old.90005
90004 If you think that a child in your care might have a health condition, try using the Ada app to find out more about their symptoms. 90005
90002 FAQs 90003
90004 90021 Q: What is a bipolar personality? 90022 90487 90021 A: 90022 Someone with bipolar disorder experiences extreme mood swings, from depressive lows to manic highs. These mood swings are more severe than those which people without bipolar disorder experience and, at worst, need to be treated in hospital. Bipolar is a condition, rather than a personality type.It needs treatment to allow someone to live a life free from disruption. 90005
90004 90021 Q: What is the difference between depression and bipolar? 90022 90487 90021 A: 90022 Someone with bipolar disorder experiences manic episodes alongside depression. Someone with depression without mania does not have bipolar disorder. 90005
90004 Read more about the diagnosis of bipolar disorder »90005
90004 90021 Q: Why is bipolar disorder sometimes called manic depression? 90022 90487 90021 A: 90022 Manic depression is an old name for bipolar disorder, and comes from the two emotional states: mania and depression.Healthcare professionals now use the term bipolar, which also refers to the two extreme emotional states. 90005
90004 90021 Q: How common is bipolar disorder? 90022 90487 90021 A: 90022 Estimates vary, but lifetime prevalence — the proportion of people who have experienced a condition in their lifetime — of bipolar disorder is around 3 to 5 percent. Degrees of impairment vary widely, so some of these people will experience serious impairment, while others may have more moderate symptoms. 90005
90004 90021 Q: Is bipolar disorder a disability? 90022 90487 90021 A: 90022 Bipolar disorder is a mental health condition.With effective treatment, it should not have a large effect on day-to-day life. However, if the symptoms of bipolar disorder are so severe that it interferes with everyday living or the ability to work, social security benefits may be available. 90005
90004 90021 Q: Can you work if you have bipolar disorder? 90022 90487 90021 A: 90022 With effective treatment to keep symptoms under control, someone with bipolar disorder can continue to work as normal. If symptoms are not under control, it may affect: 90005
90072
90073 Working with other people 90074
90073 Concentration and memory 90074
90073 Understanding 90074
90073 Standards of behavior 90074
90081
90004 In these circumstances, someone with bipolar disorder may find it difficult to work and may need time to recover.90005
90004 90021 Q: Is bipolar disorder curable? 90022 90487 90021 A: 90022 Bipolar disorder is not curable, but symptoms can be controlled with treatment. Factors including effectiveness of treatment, social circumstances and genetics may mean that a person with bipolar disorder may experience only one or two episodes in a lifetime. Other people may experience bipolar disorder as a chronic lifetime condition. 90005
90004 Read more about the treatment of biploar disorder »90005
90004 90021 Q: How do you know if you have bipolar disorder? 90022 90487 90021 A: 90022 People with bipolar disorder experience extremes of emotion and mood, unlike others.If you think you have bipolar disorder, a doctor or other mental health professional can talk to you about it. 90005
90004 Read more about the diagnosis of bipolar disorder »90005
90004 90021 Q: How do people act when they have bipolar disorder? 90022 90487 90021 A: 90022 Unless someone with bipolar disorder is experiencing a manic or depressive episode, their behavior will not be out of the ordinary. If someone is having a manic episode, you might notice their conversation is faster than usual, their train of thought jumps around and that they are easily distracted.They might also be sleeping less, be irritable and thinking up outlandish plans and adventures. If someone is depressed, they may be slow and lacking motivation, have no interest in activities they usually enjoy and / or be tearful and upset. 90005
90004 Read more about the symptoms of bipolar disorder »90005
90004 90021 Q: Can you treat bipolar naturally? 90022 90487 90021 A: 90022 Psychotherapy is recommended as a long-term treatment for bipolar as a way to manage and be aware of changing moods.Relaxation methods, such as meditation may help maintain a healthy, balanced lifestyle. However, medication is recommended for stabilizing moods and particularly for treating mania. St John’s Wort, a commonly used complementary therapy for depression, may actually make psychotic symptoms worse. 90005
90004 90021 Q: What famous people have bipolar disorder? 90022 90487 90021 A: 90022 Singer Demi Lovato, actors Jean-Claude Van Damme and Catherine Zeta-Jones and British actor, writer and comedian Stephen Fry all have bipolar disorder.Winston Churchill is believed to have had the condition. Carrie Fisher had bipolar disorder and often spoke openly about it. 90005
90004 90021 Q: Are bipolar disorder and ADHD related? 90022 90487 90021 A: 90022 ADHD is a behavioral disorder with symptoms present all the time whereas bipolar is a mood disorder with episodic symptoms. Although symptoms of mania are similar to those of ADHD, the two disorders are not the same. 90005
90004 90021 Q: Can bipolar disorder cause hallucinations? 90022 90487 90021 A: 90022 If someone is experiencing psychosis during a manic episode, they may hallucinate.90005
90004 Read more about the symptoms of bipolar disorder »90005
90004 90021 Q: Is bipolar disorder genetic? 90022 90487 90021 A: 90022 The causes of the condition are not yet fully understood. There may be a genetic link associated with bipolar disorder as it does seem to run in families, but this has not been confirmed. 90005
90002 Other names used for bipolar affective disorder 90003
90072
90073 Bipolar affective disorder in adults 90074
90073 Manic depression 90074
90073 Manic depressive disorder 90074
90073 Manic depressive illness (MDI) 90074
90073 Bipolar mood disorder 90074
90081

.